Volume 12, Number 4Review ArticlesState of the Art in Intravesical Therapy for Lower Urinary Tract SymptomsState of the ArtMichael B ChancellorJonathan KaufmanVikas TyagiMichele AnthonyPradeep TyagiIntravesical therapy is the routine first-line treatment for effectively delaying or preventing the recurrence of bladder cancer. This route of drug administration has also shown tremendous promise in the treatment of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) and potentially overactive bladder to justify investments for further improvements. This review takes a bird’s eye view into the current status of intravesical therapy, with emphasis on liposomal nanoparticles, in diseases associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Ongoing efforts to advance the field of intravesical drug delivery include development of sustained-release drug implants and efforts to improve delivery of biotechnological products including large protein acting as neurotoxins and small interfering RNAs.[Rev Urol. 2010;12(4):e181-e189 doi: 10.3909/riu0496]© 2010 MedReviews®, LLCLower urinary tract symptomsInterstitial cystitisIntravesical therapyPainful bladder syndrome