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Directory of Authors from the Journal and their last article.

Thomas MageeView Articles
Thomas SchwaabView Articles

Volume 12, Number 4Case Review

Spontaneous Rupture of a Renal Artery Aneurysm Presenting as Gross Hematuria

Thomas SchwaabShawn EL Wason

Renal artery aneurysms (RAAs) are localized dilations of the renal artery and/or its branches. They are being found with increasing frequency as a result of unrelated abdominal imaging or on workup for hypertension. They are rarely symptomatic; however, they can be a cause of life-threatening hematuria. Discussed is the case of a previously healthy 46-year-old man presenting with flank pain and gross hematuria. It is imperative for the practicing urologist to be aware of the appropriate evaluation and management of RAAs.[Rev Urol. 2010;12(4):e193-e196 doi: 10.3909/riu0489]© 2010 MedReviews®, LLC

Renal artery aneurysmAbdominal aortographyGross hematuria

Tiffany A PerkinsView Articles

Volume 16, Number 2Case Review

Solitary Candida albicans Infection Causing Fournier Gangrene and Review of Fungal Etiologies

Joel M SumfestJared M BieniekTiffany A Perkins

Polymicrobial bacterial infections are commonly found in cases of Fournier gangrene (FG), although fungal growth may occur occasionally. Solitary fungal organisms causing FG have rarely been reported. The authors describe a case of an elderly man with a history of diabetes who presented with a necrotizing scrotal and perineal soft tissue infection. He underwent emergent surgical debridement with findings of diffuse urethral stricture disease and urinary extravasation requiring suprapubic tube placement. Candida albicans was found to be the single causative organism on culture, and the patient recovered well following antifungal treatment. Fungal infections should be considered as rare causes of necrotizing fasciitis and antifungal treatment considered in at-risk immunodeficient individuals. [Rev Urol. 2014;16(2):95-98 doi: 10.3909/riu0595] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLC

Fournier gangreneFournier’s Gangrene Severity IndexCandida albicans

Tim LaneView Articles

Volume 16, Number 1Review Articles

The Physiologic and Anesthetic Considerations in Elderly Patients Undergoing Robotic Renal Surgery

Management Review

Nikhil VasdevJames M AdsheadGregory BousteadGowrie MohanAnna Sau Kuk PoonDamian HanburyTim Lane

A number of patients are diagnosed with renal malignancies incidentally worldwide. Once a diagnosis of a renal malignancy is established, after a careful evaluation, patients can be offered a robotic nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy. We present a review of the physiologic and anesthetic considerations in elderly patients who are being considered for robotic renal surgery. [Rev Urol. 2014;16(1):1-9 doi: 10.3909/riu0591] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLC

Robotic partial nephrectomyRobotic radical nephrectomyPhysiologic considerationsAnesthetic considerations

Timothy B BooneView Articles
Timothy D LyonView Articles

Volume 19, Number 2Review Articles

The Use of Intraoperative Cell Salvage in Urologic Oncology

Surgical Update

Michael C OstBenjamin J DaviesTimothy D LyonMatthew C FerroniAndres F Correa

Intraoperative cell salvage (IOCS) has been used in urologic surgery for over 20 years to manage intraoperative blood loss and effectively minimize the need for allogenic blood transfusion. Concerns about viability of transfused erythrocytes and potential dissemination of malignant cells have been addressed in the urologic literature. We present a comprehensive review of the use of IOCS in urologic oncologic surgery. IOCS has been shown to preserve the integrity of erythrocytes during processing and effectively provides cell filtration to mitigate the risk of tumor dissemination. Its use is associated with reduction in the overall need for allogenic blood transfusion, which clinically reduces the risk of hypersensitivity reactions and disease transmission, and may have important implications on overall oncologic outcomes. In the context of a variety of urologic malignancies, including prostate, urothelial, and renal cancer, the use of IOCS appears to be safe, without risk of tumor spread leading to metastatic disease or differences in cancer-specific and overall survival. IOCS has been shown to be an effective intraoperative blood management strategy that appears safe for use in urologic oncology surgery. The ability to reduce the need for additional allogenic blood transfusion may have significant impact on immune-mediated oncologic outcomes. [Rev Urol. 2017;19(2):89–96 doi: 10.3909/riu0721] © 2017 MedReviews®, LLC

Urologic oncologyCell salvagetransfusion

Timothy J WiltView Articles
Timothy W StarkView Articles

Volume 18, Number 1Case Review

Management of Vesicoureteral Reflux by Endoscopic Injection of Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid in Adults

Timothy W StarkDavid M PrestonJohn M Lacy

A 74-year-old man presented for evaluation after discovery of a left bladder-wall tumor. He underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) operation for treatment of low-grade, Ta urothelial cancer of the bladder. The patient developed recurrent disease and returned to the operating room for repeat TURBT, circumcision, and administration of intravesical mitomycin C. The patient developed balanitis xerotica obliterans 4 years post-circumcision, requiring self-dilation with a catheter. He subsequently developed 3 consecutive episodes of left-sided pyelonephritis. Further investigation with voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) revealed Grade 3, left-sided vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Due to existing comorbidities, the patient elected treatment with endoscopic dextranomer/hyaluronic acid injection. A post-operative VCUG demonstrated complete resolution of left-sided VUR. This patient has remained symptom free for 8 months post-injection, with no episodes of pyelonephritis. [Rev Urol. 2016;18(1):46-50 doi: 10.3909/riu0689] © 2016 MedReviews®, LLC

Vesicoureteral refluxPyelonephritisDextranomer/hyaluronic acid

Tin C NgoView Articles

Volume 9, Number 1Review Articles

Uric Acid Nephrolithiasis: Recent Progress and Future Directions

Management Update

Tin C NgoDean G Assimos

The prevalence of urolithiasis has been increasing for the past few decades in industrialized nations. Uric acid calculi account for a significant percentage of urinary stones. Certain risk factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of uric acid nephrolithiasis, including hyperuricosuria, low urinary volume, and persistently low urinary pH. Patients with medical conditions that promote profound hyperuricosuria are at high risk of developing uric acid calculi. These conditions include chronic diarrheal states; myeloproliferative disorders; insulin resistance, including diabetes mellitus; and monogenic metabolic disorders, such as Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Computed tomography can provide a definitive diagnosis. Except in cases in which there is severe obstruction, progressive azotemia, serious infection, or unremitting pain, the initial treatment of patients with uric acid nephrolithiasis should be medical dissolution therapy because this approach is successful in the majority of cases. A thorough review of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of uric acid nephrolithiasis is crucial for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of stones in patients with this condition. [Rev Urol. 2007;9(1):17-27]

UrolithiasisUric acid nephrolithiasisHyperuricosuriaGout

Tobias KlatteView Articles

Volume 8, Number 3Meeting Reviews

Best of the 2006 AUA Annual Meeting

Meeting Review

John P MulhallJohn P SteinArie S BelldegrunDanil V MakarovShachi TyagiLi-Ming SuMichael E AldridgeTobias KlatteClaus G RoehrbornJacob RajferJ Curtis NickelVictor W NittiMichael B ChancellorAlan W PartinEllen ShapiroMichael K Brawer

Highlights from the 2006 Annual Meeting of the American Urological Association May 20–25, 2006 Atlanta, GA

Prostate cancerInfertilityBenign prostatic hyperplasiaBladder cancerKidney cancerLower urinary tract symptomsBladder exstrophyOveractive bladderInterstitial cystitisStress urinary incontinencePeyronie’s diseaseSpina bifidaNeurogenic bladderErectile dysfunctionChronic pelvic pain syndromeChronic prostatitisTumor markersAndrogen replacement therapyEjaculatory dysfunctionAnorectal malformationsRenal stonesRobotic-assisted radical prostatectomy

Toby F HandlerView Articles
Tom F LueView Articles
Tom JayramView Articles

Volume 23, Number 4Reviews in Urology

Meet the Expert: Stephanie Chisolm, PhD

Tom Jayram

Thank you for joining us today for our final “Meet the Expert” of the year, with our special guest, Stephanie Chisolm, PhD. Dr Chisolm is director of education and advocacy at the Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network, affectionately known to all of us as BCAN (pronounced “Beacon”). I’m your moderator for today, Tom Jayram. I’m a urologic oncologist in Nashville, Tennessee, where I lead a large urologic oncology program at a 30-person private practice group. I am also fortunate to be the editor of the bladder cancer section for Reviews in Urology.

UrologyUrinary bladderpatient advocacy

Tomasz M BeerView Articles
Tommaso BrancatoView Articles

Volume 16, Number 1Review Articles

Nephron-sparing Management of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Management Review

Francesca SurianoTommaso Brancato

Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a relatively rare tumor, but is characterized by high rates of recurrence, morbidity, and mortality. Choice of treatment modality is generally influenced by lesion size, grade, and focality. Radical nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision is the gold-standard management of UTUC, although an organ-sparing approach may be beneficial in selected patients. Conservative endoscopic management of UTUC in appropriate patients has a favorable impact on quality of life and health care costs when compared with patients who progress to dialysis-dependent renal failure. Careful ureteroscopic surveillance following endoscopic management of UTUC is essential. [Rev Urol. 2014;16(1):21-28 doi: 10.3909/riu0592] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLC

Upper tract urothelial carcinomaTumor gradeNephron-sparing endoscopic treatmentTopical adjuvant chemo-immunotherapyOncologic outcomes

Tosev GeorgiView Articles

Volume 13, Number 3Review Articles

Peyronie’s Disease: Nonsurgical Therapy Options

Treatment Update

Ralf HerwigTosev GeorgiPeter WeiblNenad DjakovicFranklin E Kuehhas

Peyronie’s disease (PD) is a fibrous inelastic scar of the tunica albuginea, leading to penile deformity, penile curvature, shortening, narrowing, and painful erections that subsequently lead to painful or unsatisfying sexual intercourse. No consensus exists yet on the ideal management of PD. This fact is a result of our limited knowledge of its etiology and causative factors. The acute presentation of PD is treated conservatively, and surgical approachesare only attempted if severe curvature, narrowing, or indentation persists for more than 1 year; PD stability exists for at least 3 months; curvature impedes sexual intercourse; and severe penile shortening occurs. This review focuses on new developments for conservative treatment strategies for PD. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(3):139-146 doi: 10.3909/riu0528] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLC

Peyronie’s diseaseNonsurgical therapyOral medicationIntralesionaltherapyExtracorporeal shock wave therapyIontophoresisPenile traction systems

Toyohiko WatanabeView Articles
Tracy P MarienView Articles

Volume 10, Number 4Case Review

Management of Localized Prostate Cancer and an Incidental Ureteral Duplication With Upper Pole Ectopic Ureter Inserting into the Prostatic Urethra

Case Review

Bachir TaouliMichael D StifelmanTracy P MarienHerbert LeporEllen ShapiroJonathan Melamed

Ectopic ureters are rare congenital malformations of the renal system that most commonly present in females. It is extremely rare to encounter an ectopic ureter in an older man undergoing radical prostatectomy. We report herein a case of a 66-year-old man with prostate cancer and a complete duplication of the left renal collecting system, with an upper pole ectopic ureter and associated normal functioning renal parenchyma entering into the prostatic urethra. This anomaly was incidentally discovered on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate. Open radical retropubic prostatectomy and a left ureteroureterostomy were performed. [Rev Urol. 2008;10(4):297-303]

Prostate cancerProstatectomyEctopic ureterProstatic urethra

Tracy W CannonView Articles
Trinity J BivalacquaView Articles

Volume 16, Number 4Review Articles

Extent of Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection During Radical Cystectomy: Is Bigger Better?

Management Review

Matthew E NielsenTrinity J BivalacquaRobert S SvatekDebasish Sundi

Pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is a standard component of radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer. The optimal anatomic PLND template remains undefined. An extended PLND template can potentially improve survival through the eradication of micrometastatic disease and improved pathologic staging. However, this benefit could be compromised by a potential increase in perioperative complications and cost. Two randomized controlled clinical trials that will clarify this question are ongoing. Many important retrospective studies have provided insights into the optimal PLND extent. Here the authors review the key evidence that informs how urologists may tailor the PLND template during RC depending on patient and tumor characteristics. [Rev Urol. 2014;16(4):159-166 doi: 10.3909/riu0626] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLC

Radical cystectomyPelvic lymph node dissectionTemplateMicrometastatic disease