Authors - Reviews in Urology

Directory of Authors from the Journal and their last article.

Local Anesthesia During Interstitial Laser Coagulation of the Prostate

ILC in the Treatment of BPH

Benign prostatic hyperplasia Minimally invasive therapies Interstitial laser coagulation Local anesthesia Office-based procedures

Kalyan C LatchamsettyView Articles

Volume 8, Number 2 Review Articles

Treatment of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Review of Surgical and Adjuvant Therapy

Treatment Review

Kalyan C Latchamsetty Christopher R Porter

Upper tract urothelial carcinoma is a disease entity that has not been as extensively studied and reviewed as carcinoma of the bladder. Recent advances in technology and adjuvant therapy have changed the treatment armamentarium of oncologists and urologists. A literature review was conducted that focused on newer surgical techniques, including laparoscopy and endoscopic management of upper tract disease. Adjuvant therapy including immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiation is also reviewed. Nephroureterectomy with removal of a bladder cuff still remains the gold standard of treatment. However, laparoscopic nephroureterectomy is quickly becoming popular, with equivalent recurrence rates. Because of the relatively recent introduction of laparoscopy into the urologic field, long-term data with respect to recurrence rates and survival rates are not yet available. Immunotherapy has also shown promise, but with higher recurrence rates than surgery. Chemotherapy and radiation also show some improvement in recurrence rates, but there have been no randomized, prospective trials. Endoscopic management is acceptable in patients with severe medical comorbidities or solitary kidneys but requires rigorous and close follow-up. Adjuvant therapy with either chemotherapy or radiation is still debated but does offer some improvement in disease-specific survival. Randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled studies are required but are difficult to perform because of the relatively low incidence and prevalence of this disease. [Rev Urol. 2006;8(2):61-70]

Immunotherapy Chemotherapy Urothelial carcinoma Radiation

Kamal MoufidView Articles

Volume 15, Number 1 Case Review

Inguinal Bladder Hernia: Four Case Analyses

Kamal Moufid Driss Touiti Lezrek Mohamed

A study of four cases presenting as inguinal bladder hernia was performed based on a review of the clinical presentation, circumstances of diagnostics, and surgical management. The mean age of patients was 66.5 years. Presenting symptoms included lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS; three cases) and decrease in scrotal size after voiding (one case). The diagnostic circumstances were incidental finding during investigation for urethral stricture (one case), preoperative discovery on the basis of decrease in scrotal size after voiding (one case), perioperative discovery during standard herniorrhaphy (one case), and peritoneal effusion secondary to bladder injury in the early postoperative period. All patients were managed successfully by replacement of the bladder in its original position and inguinal herniorrhaphy, the Lichtenstein technique (two cases), Shouldice repair (one case), or modified Bassini repair (one case) through the same inguinal incision. For one patient, bladder injury was diagnosed at the time of inguinal herniorrhaphy and repair was promptly made. For another, bladder injury was discovered only at surgical abdominal exploration. Surgical repair led to the resolution of signs and urologic symptoms in all but one patient who needed medical therapy for residual LUTS. An awareness of this possibility on the part of general surgeons should guide preoperative evaluation and therapy appropriately. Even if the preoperative diagnosis is missed, a perioperative diagnosis is crucial to avoid bladder injury during surgery. [Rev Urol. 2013;15(1):32-36 doi: 10.3909/riu0560] © 2013 MedReviews®, LLC

Complications Bladder Inguinal hernia Cystography Herniorrhaphy

Kamlesh K YadavView Articles

Volume 19, Number 4 Review Articles

The Use of Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer Screening and Treatment

Kate E ShipmanView Articles

Volume 17, Number 4 Case Review

Acromegaly Presenting as Erectile Dysfunction: Case Reports and Review of the Literature

Jerry A Raju Kate E Shipman John A Inglis Rousseau Gama

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common yet complex condition. The authors report two cases of acromegaly presenting with ED and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Surgical cure of the acromegaly was associated with either an improvement or resolution of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism-associated ED. Active acromegaly should be considered in the differential diagnosis of ED presenting with supporting clinical features, particularly hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. [Rev Urol. 2015;17(4):246-249 doi: 10.3909/riu0676] © 2016 MedReviews®, LLC

Erectile dysfunction Endocrine dysfunction Endocrinology Acromegaly Growth hormone

Kate FlavinView Articles

Volume 18, Number 3 Review Articles

Perioperative Considerations in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

Management Update

Kate Flavin Jim Ashead Tim Lane Damian Hanbury Paul Nathan Shanmugasundaram Gowrie-Mohan

Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma are complex, with the potential for significant complications, and require extensive pre-, peri-, and postoperative management. This article discusses, in depth, the necessary considerations in the treatment of these patients. [Rev Urol. 2016;18(3):133-142 doi: 10.3909/riu0697] © 2016 MedReviews®, LLC

Renal cell carcinoma Radical nephrectomy Cytoreductive nephrectomy Metastasis

Katherine A MartinView Articles

Volume 13, Number 2 Review Articles

Contemporary Management of Renal Trauma

Management Update

Jennifer J Shoobridge Niall M Corcoran Katherine A Martin Jim Koukounaras Peter L Royce Matthew F Bultitude

In the management of renal trauma, surgical exploration inevitably leads to nephrectomy in all but a few specialized centers. With current management options, the majority of hemodynamically stable patients with renal injuries can be successfully managed nonoperatively. Improved radiographic techniques and the development of a validated renal injury scoring system have led to improved staging of injury severity that is relatively easy to monitor. This article reviews a multidisciplinary approach to facilitate the care of patients with renal injury. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(2):65-72 doi: 10.3909/riu0512] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLC

Nephrectomy Renal injury Blunt trauma Angiogenesis

Kathleen A LatinoView Articles

Volume 22, Number 3 Editorial

Failing to Prepare Is Preparing to Fail

Deepak A Kapoor Kathleen A Latino

Kathleen F McGinleyView Articles

Volume 17, Number 3 Review Articles

Impact of the US Preventive Services Task Force Grade D Recommendation: Assessment of Evaluations for Elevated Prostate-specific Antigen and Prostate Biopsies in a Large Urology Group Practice Followi

Treatment Impact Assessment

Gregory C McMahon Gordon A Brown Kathleen F McGinley

On October 7, 2011, the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) released their evidence statement and grade D recommendation against prostate-specific antigen (PSA)–based prostate cancer screening. Using a time series design, we assessed the effect of this recommendation upon evaluations for elevated PSA levels and prostate biopsies in our large urology group practice. We found that, despite a 24.1% increase in total visits, the 32 urologists in our practice completed 16.4% fewer evaluations for elevated PSA levels (317 fewer evaluations per month; P = .017) and 21.4% fewer prostate biopsies (42 fewer biopsies per month; P = .001) in the 2 years following the USPSTF grade D recommendation. [Rev Urol. 2015;17(3):171-177 doi: 10.3909/riu0696] © 2015 MedReviews®, LLC

Prostate cancer screening Prostate-specific antigen Prostate biopsies United States

Kathleen LatinoView Articles

Volume 22, Number 3 Review Articles

The Impact of Systematic Safety Precautions on COVID-19 Risk Exposure and Transmission Rates in Outpatient Healthcare Workers

Deepak A Kapoor Kathleen Latino Ann E Anderson Gillian Hodes Jonathan Anderson Marcus Cognetti Chiraag Patel

We evaluated the impact of safety protocols, including rapid testing and contact tracing, on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk exposure and transmission rates amongst healthcare workers in the outpatient care setting. Over an 11-week period, a total of 254 employees representing 38% of our total workforce had potential COVID-19 exposure and underwent voluntary COVID-19 testing. Data was stratified based on severity of risk exposure and job description. During this period, the probability of a COVID exposure being high risk decreased in Administrative (293.0%; P < 0.01) and Clinical (277.0%; P < 0.01) staff; simultaneously, viral transmission rates declined in Administrative (273.4%; P = 0.03) and Clinical (269.9%; P = 0.04) staff as well. Systematic safety protocols effectively reduce exposure risk and transmission rates in outpatient healthcare workers and should be ubiquitously adopted. [Rev Urol. 2020;22(3):93-101] © 2020 MedReviews®, LLC

Safety COVID-19 diagnostic testing Contact tracing

Kathryn E. FinkView Articles

Volume 23, Number 3 Prostate Cancer

Advances in Radical Prostatectomy: A Narrative Review

Austin Drysch Kathryn E. Fink Chalairat Suk-Ouichai Mitchell M. Huang Kent T. Perry Hiten D. Patel Ashley E. Ross

Radical prostatectomy (RP) is the mainstay surgical treatment for men with localized prostate cancer. The use of robot-assisted RP (RARP) has specifically allowed for the development of novel techniques to improve postoperative quality of life for patients.

Prostatic neoplasms Prostatectomy Robotic-assisted surgery robotic surgical procedures

Katie GrantView Articles

Volume 23, Number 3 Editorial

The Specialty Networks Localized to High-Risk Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer Patient Playbook

Gautam Jayram Katie Grant Jayme Nalley Nicole Smith

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second-leading cause of cancer death among men in the United States. The American Cancer Society estimates that more than 299 010 men will be diagnosed with PCa in 2024, with more than 35 250 PCa-associated deaths.1 It is estimated that of those patients treated for localized PCa, 30% to 35% will experience biochemical recurrence (BCR), which further increases the risk of PCa death. Although multiple definitions have been proposed, BCR is generally present when a man has a persistently rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value after definitive local therapy (Table 1) in the absence of radiographic evidence of metastatic disease. This definition has evolved and will continue to develop, with advances in genomics, next-generation sequencing, and digital pathology.

Katie S MurrayView Articles

Volume 19, Number 4 Case Review

Irreversible Electroporation for Prostate Cancer as Salvage Treatment Following Prior Radiation and Cryotherapy

Katie S Murray Oguz Akin Jonathan A Coleman

Salvage treatment options after localized primary treatment failure of prostate cancer are limited and associated with risk for serious complications. We report on the management details of a 57-year-old African American man treated with partial-gland ablation using irreversible electroporation following local recurrence after brachytherapy and prior salvage cryoablation. Therapeutic and functional outcomes were assessed by conventional means, including serum prostate-specific antigen values and prostate biopsy results. [Rev Urol. 2017;19(4):268–272 doi: 10.3909/riu0755] © 2018 MedReviews®, LLC

Prostate cancer Focal therapy Irreversible electroporation Salvage therapy

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