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Directory of Authors from the Journal and their last article.

Lauren RothView Articles

Volume 13, Number 4Review Articles

Fertility and the Aging Male

Condition Review

Randall B MeachamIsiah HarrisCarolyn FronczakLauren Roth

In the United States since 1980, the birth rate in women aged > 35 years has increased by nearly 60%, whereas the birth rate for women aged 20 to 34 years has increased by only 10%. The trend in parenthood at an older age has also been seen in men. Since 1980, the fertility rate for men in their 30s has increased by 21% and for men aged 40 years and older, the rate has increased nearly 30%. In contrast, the fertility rate in men younger than age 30 years has decreased by 15%. Age-related infertility will continue to be a problem. A basic understanding of the issues is critical for health care professionals so that they can effectively counsel patients who are considering a delay in childbearing for social reasons or for those seeking fertility treatments. This review details the changes in fertility seen in the aging male. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(4):e184-e190 doi: 10.3909/riu0538] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLC

Aging maleFertilityMiscarriage ratesAge-related infertility

Laurence A LevineView Articles
Lawrence A HillView Articles

Volume 10, Number 2Review Articles

The QT Interval and Selection of Alpha-Blockers for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Treatment Update

Herbert LeporNorman E LeporLawrence A HillRichard G Trohman

The QT interval is the electrocardiographic manifestation of ventricular depolarization and repolarization. Drug-induced long QT syndrome is characterized by acquired, corrected QT (QTc) interval prolongation that is associated with increased risk of torsade de pointes. Every physician must recognize if the drugs he or she prescribes prolongs the QTc interval, especially if the drug is prescribed for a chronic condition in older patients who are on polypharmacy. The evolution of alpha-blockers for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia has allowed the development of drugs that are easier to administer and better tolerated. Because alpha-blockers generally have equivalent efficacy, this class of drugs is typically differentiated by safety and side effects. Studies suggest that alpha-blockers may vary in regard to their effect on the QT interval, and, therefore, on their predisposition to cause potentially life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. [Rev Urol. 2008;10(2):85-91]

BlockersBenign prostatichyperplasiaDrug-induced long QT syndromeTorsade de pointes

Lawrence D TrueView Articles
Laxmi A KondapalliView Articles

Volume 17, Number 4Review Articles

Fertility Preservation Options for Men and Women With Cancer

Management Update

Malgorzata E Skaznik-WikielSara Babcock GilbertRandall B MeachamLaxmi A Kondapalli

Approximately 0.2% of Americans aged 20 to 39 years are childhood cancer survivors. Advances in cancer detection and therapy have greatly improved survival rates for young cancer patients; however, treatment of childhood cancers can adversely impact reproductive function. Many cancer patients report a strong desire to be informed of existing options for fertility preservation and future reproduction prior to initiation of gonadotoxic cancer therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. This article discusses, in detail, the effects of cancer treatment on fertility in men and women, and outlines both current and experimental methods of fertility preservation among cancer patients. [Rev Urol. 2015;17(4):211-219 doi: 10.3909/riu0666] © 2016 MedReviews®, LLC

Fertility preservationChildhood cancerSperm cryopreservationTesticular tissue cryopreservationSpermatogonial stem cell cryopreservationEmbryo cryopreservationOocyte cryopreservationOvarian tissue cryopreservation

Lea BaerView Articles

Volume 9, Supplement 2Review Articles

Breast Cancer Clinical and Translational Research: Analogies and Implications for Prostate Cancer

Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer

Lea BaerSilvia C Formenti

Breast and prostate cancer, respectively, are the most common cancers in women and in men in the United States. The management of locally advanced prostate cancer involves a multidisciplinary approach, bearing similarity to the therapeutic approach to breast cancer. Better understanding of the molecular biology of these cancers and the identification of the role played by the cancer stem cells and the tumor microenvironment may translate into better clinical decision making regarding risk classification and treatment allocation. A systematic assessment is presented of the many parallel evolutions in defining and treating high-risk breast cancer as they pertain to prostate cancer. [Rev Urol. 2007;9(suppl 2):S28-S39]

Prostate cancerTreatmentBreast cancer

Leanna LaorView Articles

Volume 17, Number 2Review Articles

Relationship Between Depression and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Mangement Update

Steven A KaplanLeanna LaorClaire DunphyBilal ChughtaiAlexis E Te

This article provides an overview of current data on the relationship between depression and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), with a focus on pathophysiology and patient management implications. Review of the literature indicated a clear relationship between LUTS secondary to BPH and depression. It is unknown whether this relationship is bidirectional or unidirectional. Depression is associated with the impact of LUTS on quality of life in men with BPH. Research suggests that depression alters the experience of LUTS in this population. Medical and surgical treatments for BPH may impact quality of life and, therefore, depression. Results conflict on the exact nature of the relationship examined, and on the extent to which the relationship may be attributed to physiological factors such as inflammation. Practicing clinicians should consider using a brief self-administered scale to assess for depression in patients with BPH. There is a clear need for additional research to decisively determine the nature of the relationship between LUTS secondary to BPH and depression, as well as the extent to which change in either condition may be affected by the other. [Rev Urol. 2015;17(2):51-57 doi: 10.3909/riu0658] © 2015 MedReviews®, LLC

Benign prostatic hyperplasiaDepressionLower urinary tract symptoms

Lee C ZhaoView Articles
Lee ZhaoView Articles
Leonard G GomellaView Articles
Leonard Michael GlodeView Articles
Leonard S MarksView Articles
Lesley K CarrView Articles

Volume 9, Number 3Review Articles

Advances in the Understanding of Stress Urinary Incontinence and the Promise of Stem-Cell Therapy

Treatment Update

Michael B ChancellorNaoki YoshimuraAkira FurutaLesley K Carr

The middle urethra and external urethral sphincter are the focus in management of stress urinary incontinence, and recent cellular-therapy research suggests a new paradigm in treatment. Cell-based therapies are most often described as using autologous multipotent stem cells procured from bone marrow in procedures that may be painful, require anesthesia, and yield low numbers of mesenchymal stem cells upon processing. In contrast, muscleand adipose-derived stem cells can be obtained easily in large quantities under local anesthesia. Instead of lifting the urethra with a sling or bulking up the urethral sphincter with collagen, we now have the potential to restore function with the use of autologous stem cells. [Rev Urol. 2007;9(3):106-112]

Urinary incontinenceUrethral sphincterMuscle-derived stem cells

Leslie A DeaneView Articles

Volume 19, Number 1Case Review

Perineal Urethrostomy: Still Essential in the Armamentarium for Transurethral Surgery

Dimitri PapagiannopoulosLeslie A Deane

A 69-year-old morbidly obese man presented with hematuria caused by a large anterior wall bladder tumor. The mass was inaccessible for resection by standard means due to the patient’s obesity and phallic length. A perineal urethrostomy was required to enable complete resection. This age-old technique is revisited for the benefit of this generation’s urologists. [Rev Urol. 2017;19(1):72-75 doi: 10.3909/riu0742] © 2017 MedReviews®, LLC

Bladder tumorsTransurethral resectionPerineal urethrostomy

Lester Joesph PratsView Articles

Volume 18, Number 4Case Review

Collateral Urethral Duplication in an Adult With Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease

Dunia Taufiq KhaledAmanda Feige SaltzmanLester Joesph Prats

Duplications of the lower urinary tract are rare congenital anomalies that are usually accompanied by concomitant nonurologic anomalies; they are typically diagnosed in early childhood. In more rare cases these are isolated, leading to diagnosis later. We describe a 50-year-old man who remained asymptomatic and therefore undiagnosed for five decades. His is one of fewer than 20 cases in the literature describing urethral duplication in the coronal (collateral) plane, the more common variant being sagittal (dorsal-ventral) duplication. He is one of only four cases reported without concomitant midline anomaly. Furthermore, he is the sole case associated with adult polycystic kidney disease. [Rev Urol. 2016;18(4):242-245 doi: 10.3909/riu0705] © 2016 MedReviews®, LLC

Collateral duplicationCoronal duplicationDuplicate urethraUrethral anomalyDuplication of lower urinary tract

Lewis E HarpsterView Articles
Lezrek MohamedView Articles

Volume 15, Number 1Case Review

Inguinal Bladder Hernia: Four Case Analyses

Kamal MoufidDriss TouitiLezrek Mohamed

A study of four cases presenting as inguinal bladder hernia was performed based on a review of the clinical presentation, circumstances of diagnostics, and surgical management. The mean age of patients was 66.5 years. Presenting symptoms included lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS; three cases) and decrease in scrotal size after voiding (one case). The diagnostic circumstances were incidental finding during investigation for urethral stricture (one case), preoperative discovery on the basis of decrease in scrotal size after voiding (one case), perioperative discovery during standard herniorrhaphy (one case), and peritoneal effusion secondary to bladder injury in the early postoperative period. All patients were managed successfully by replacement of the bladder in its original position and inguinal herniorrhaphy, the Lichtenstein technique (two cases), Shouldice repair (one case), or modified Bassini repair (one case) through the same inguinal incision. For one patient, bladder injury was diagnosed at the time of inguinal herniorrhaphy and repair was promptly made. For another, bladder injury was discovered only at surgical abdominal exploration. Surgical repair led to the resolution of signs and urologic symptoms in all but one patient who needed medical therapy for residual LUTS. An awareness of this possibility on the part of general surgeons should guide preoperative evaluation and therapy appropriately. Even if the preoperative diagnosis is missed, a perioperative diagnosis is crucial to avoid bladder injury during surgery. [Rev Urol. 2013;15(1):32-36 doi: 10.3909/riu0560] © 2013 MedReviews®, LLC

ComplicationsBladderInguinal herniaCystographyHerniorrhaphy

Li-Ming SuView Articles

Volume 8, Number 3Meeting Reviews

Best of the 2006 AUA Annual Meeting

Meeting Review

Danil V MakarovEllen ShapiroAlan W PartinMichael B ChancellorVictor W NittiJ Curtis NickelJacob RajferClaus G RoehrbornMichael K BrawerArie S BelldegrunJohn P SteinJohn P MulhallTobias KlatteMichael E AldridgeLi-Ming SuShachi Tyagi

Highlights from the 2006 Annual Meeting of the American Urological Association May 20–25, 2006 Atlanta, GA

Prostate cancerInfertilityBenign prostatic hyperplasiaBladder cancerKidney cancerLower urinary tract symptomsBladder exstrophyOveractive bladderInterstitial cystitisStress urinary incontinencePeyronie’s diseaseSpina bifidaNeurogenic bladderErectile dysfunctionChronic pelvic pain syndromeChronic prostatitisTumor markersAndrogen replacement therapyEjaculatory dysfunctionAnorectal malformationsRenal stonesRobotic-assisted radical prostatectomy

Lilian DiazView Articles

Volume 23, Number 2Prostate Cancer

Real-World Comparison of Deep Prostate-Specific Antigen Response in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer Treated With Apalutamide or Enzalutamide

Benjamin H. LowentrittIbrahim KhilfehDominic PilonShawn DuCarmine RossiFrederic KinkeadLilian DiazJill KorsiakPatrick LefebvreGordon A Brown

Deep prostate-specific antigen reduction of at least 90% (PSA90 response) after androgen receptor pathway inhibitor initiation to treat metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) is associated with longer survival. This real-world study evaluated the proportion of androgen receptor pathway inhibitor–naive patients with mCSPC who achieved PSA90 response 6 months after initiating apalutamide or enzalutamide.

Prostatic neoplasmsProstate-specific antigen (PSA)Prostate-specific antigenProstate-specific antigensCastrationAndrogen receptorAndrogen receptor antagoniststreatment effectiveness

Lina LiuView Articles