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Directory of Authors from the Journal and their last article.

Yun Rose LiView Articles

Volume 23, Number 4Case Review

Exceptional Response to Radiation Therapy to the Primary Tumor in a Patient With de Novo Metastatic Prostate Cancer With High Tumor Mutation Burden

Benjamin MercierAndrew TamDaniela V. CastroSalvador Jaime-CasasAbhishek TripathiYun Rose LiRegina Barragan-Carrillo

We present the case of a patient diagnosed with de novo, low-volume metastatic prostate cancer who received first-line treatment with androgen-deprivation therapy in combination with darolutamide. The patient presented with symptoms derived from local growth from the primary tumor and received pelvic radiation therapy to the primary tumor and pelvic nodes. He experienced complete tumor regression, with high serum prostate-specific antigen declining to nondetectable levels. Next-generation genomic analysis indicated high tumor mutation burden and high microsatellite status instability. Here, we contextualize this patient’s case regarding the importance of precision genomics in radiation oncology and its potential importance for optimizing treatment.

Prostatic neoplasmsRadiation therapyNeoplasm metastasisAndrogen antagonistsprostate neoplasmcastration resistant

Zachariah D. TaylorView Articles
Zahoor FaziliView Articles

Volume 16, Number 2Review Articles

Solitary Renal Fossa Recurrence of Renal Cell Carcinoma After Nephrectomy

Treatment Review

Kamran AhmedJi-Jian ChowZahoor FaziliMohammed SheikhMartin Sheriff

Renal cell carcinoma without metastasis responds well to surgical excision but is known to recur postnephrectomy. In a small but significant number of patients this recurrence is not accompanied by metastasis, which is important as these people benefit from further surgery. We examined 20 articles from the current literature to ascertain how best to treat this condition. Surgical management renders better results than conservative or medical therapies. Readily available investigations such as blood tests and computed tomography can help determine the right patients for surgery in an evidence-based fashion. Current findings have allowed us to suggest a protocol for the treatment of solitary renal fossa recurrence of postnephrectomy renal cell carcinoma. There are further opportunities for study in validating our protocol, and in novel renal cell carcinoma treatment strategies that have not been tested on solitary renal fossa recurrences. [Rev Urol. 2014;16(2):76-82 doi: 10.3909/riu0598] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLC

ComplicationsManagementRenal cancerRecurrenceNephrectomy

Zakaria DahamiView Articles

Volume 13, Number 3Case Review

An Unusual Presentation of Primary Male Genital Tuberculosis

Zakaria DahamiImane KamaouiMohamed AmineBrahim EddafaliA Ibn SellamIsmail SarfSaid Mohamed Moudouni

Urogenital tuberculosis is a rare disease; however, it is the second most common location for tuberculosis after the lung. Currently, incidence of urogenital tuberculosis is increasing due to factors such as a higher prevalence of immunosuppression (especially that caused by human immunodeficiency virus infection) and drug abuse. Herein a new case of male genital primary tuberculosis is reported presenting as a scrotal tumor; the originality of this observation lies in its unusual pseudotumor form. [Rev Urol. 2011;13(3):176-178 doi: 10.3909/riu0525] © 2011 MedReviews®, LLC

Urogenital tuberculosisEpididymal tuberculosisMale genital tuberculosis

Zeph OkekeView Articles

Volume 16, Number 1Review Articles

Calyceal Diverticula: A Comprehensive Review

Disease State Review

Samih HayekZeph OkekeNikhil WaingankarArthur D Smith

Calyceal diverticula are rare outpouchings of the upper collecting system that likely have a congenital origin. Stones can be found in up to 50% of calyceal diverticula, although, over the combined reported series, 96% of patients presented with stones. Diagnosis is best made by intravenous urography or computed tomography urogram. Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is an option for first-line therapy in patients with stone-bearing diverticula that have radiologically patent necks in mid- to upper-pole diverticula and small stone burdens. Stone-free rates are the lowest with SWL, although patients report being asymptomatic following therapy in up to 75% of cases with extended follow-up. Ureteroscopy (URS) is best suited for management of anteriorly located mid- to upper-pole diverticular stones. Drawbacks to URS include difficulty in identifying the ostium and low rate of obliteration. Percutaneous management is best used in posteriorly located mid- to lower-pole stones, and offers the ability to directly ablate the diverticulum. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy remains effective in the management of upper-pole diverticula, but carries the risk of pulmonary complications unless subcostal access strategies such as triangulation or renal displacement are used. Laparoscopic surgery provides definitive management, but should be reserved for cases with large stones in anteriorly located diverticula with thin overlying parenchyma, and cases that are refractory to other treatment. This article reviews the current theories on the pathogenesis of calyceal diverticula. The current classification is examined in addition to the current diagnostic methods. Here we summarize an extensive review of the literature on the outcomes of the different treatment approaches. [ Rev Urol. 2014;16(1):29-43 doi: 10.3909/riu0581] © 2014 MedReviews®, LLC

UreterorenoscopyCalyceal diverticulaPercutaneous nephrostolithotomyLaparoscopic surgeryShock wave lithotripsy

Zeyad R SchwenView Articles
Zhamshid OkhunovView Articles

Volume 18, Number 1Review Articles

Nephrolithometric Scoring Systems to Predict Outcomes of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

Management Update

Simone L VernezZhamshid OkhunovPiruz MotamediniaVincent BirdZeph OkekeArthur Smith

Currently, there is no single agreement upon an ideal predictive model that characterizes the complexity of renal stones and predicts surgical outcomes following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). New predictive tools have recently emerged to systematically and quantitatively assess kidney stone complexity to predict outcomes following PCNL: the Guy’s Stone Score, the CROES nomogram, S.T.O.N.E. nephrolithometry, and S-ReSC score. An ideal scoring system should include variables that both influence surgical planning and are predictive of postoperative outcomes. This review discusses the strengths, weaknesses, and commonalities of each of the above scoring systems. Additionally, we propose future directions for the development and analysis of surgical treatment for stone disease, namely, the importance of assessing radiation exposure and patient quality of life when counseling patients on treatment options. [Rev Urol. 2016;18(1):15-27 doi: 10.3909/riu0693] © 2016 MedReviews®, LLC

Percutaneous nephrolithotomyUrolithiasisScoring systemNomograms

Zhanglin L. CuiView Articles

Volume 24, Number 1Prostate Cancer

Real-World Outcomes for Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Within a US Community Urology Network

Emily N. SmythSam WhippleNicholas LazarouKatie GrantArpit KashyapZhanglin L. CuiNadine HaddadArjun V. BalarNeal D Shore

The role of novel hormonal agents (NHAs) for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) has expanded over time to include treatment of metastatic and nonmetastatic disease. Additionally, in the last 5 years, select poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have been FDA-approved and incorporated into treatment guidelines for homologous recombination repair and BRCA mutant metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). To understand the evolving treatment landscape and unmet medical needs in mCRPC, treatment patterns, patient characteristics, and outcomes within a large community urology network were evaluated.

medical oncologyprostatic neoplasms, castration-resistantUrology

Zhanyong BingView Articles

Volume 12, Number 4Case Review

Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Bladder

Alan J WeinThomas J GuzzoZhanyong BingShailen S Sehgal

Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder is a rare and aggressive tumor associated with a poor prognosis. It often presents at a later stage than urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, and comprises less than 1% of bladder malignancies. A number of treatment algorithms have been used to treat bladder SCC, including cystectomy, partial cystectomy, radiotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, chemotherapy alone, and neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy. Presented is a case of SCC of the bladder, and the epidemiology, prognosis, and current treatment algorithms for patients with bladder SCC are reviewed.[Rev Urol. 2010;12(4):e197-e201 doi: 10.3909/riu0492]©2010 MedReviews®, LLC

Bladder cancerNeuroendocrine tumorsSmall cell carcinoma